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mental
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| Txt Link | Title | Author(s) | Abstract | Publisher Link |
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Epicondylar injury in sport: epidemiology, type, mechanisms, assessment, management and prevention. |
Hume PA, Reid D, Edwards T. |
Epicondylar injuries in sports with overhead or repetitive arm actions are frequent and often severe. Acute injury that results in inflammation should be termed epicondylitis and is usually the result of large valgus forces with medial distraction and lateral compression. Epicondylosis develops over a longer period of time from repetitive forces and results in structural changes in the tendon. Epicondylalgia refers to elbow pain at either the medial or lateral epicondyl of the elbow related to tendinopathy of the common flexor or extensor tendon origins at these points. Pain is usually associated with gripping, resisted wrist extension and certain movements such as in tennis and golf, hence the common terms 'tennis elbow' (lateral epicondylsis) and 'golf elbow' (medial epicondylossi). A variety of assessment and diagnostic tools are available to aid the clinician in their comprehensive evaluation of the patient to ensure correct diagnosis and the appropriate conservative or surgical management strategy. Corticosteroids and elbow straps are often used for treatment; however, there is only very limited prospective clinical or experimental evidence for their effectiveness. The most ef |
16464123 |
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Evaluating the factor structure of the Psychological Performance Inventory. |
Golby J, Sheard M, van Wersch A. |
This study assesses the construct validity of a measure of mental toughness, Loehr's Psychological Performance Inventory. Performers (N = 408, 303 men, 105 women, M age = 24.0 yr., SD = 6.7) drawn from eight sports (artistic rollerskating, basketball, canoeing, golf, rugby league, rugby union, soccer, swimming), and competing at either international, national, county and provincial, or club and regional standards. They completed the 42-item Psychological Performance Inventory during training camps. Principal components analysis provided minimal support for the factor structure. Instead, the exploratory analysis yielded a 4-factor 14-item model (PPI-A). A single factor underlying mental toughness (G(MT)) was identified with higher-order exploratory factor analysis using the Schmid-Leiman procedure. Psychometric analysis of the model, using confirmatory analysis techniques, fitted the data well. Collectively satisfying absolute and incremental fit index benchmarks, the inventory possesses satisfactory psychometric properties, with adequate reliability and convergent and discriminant validity. The results lend preliminary support to the factorial validity and reliability of the model; |
17918579 |
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Experienced golfers' perspectives on choking under pressure. |
Gucciardi DF, Longbottom JL, Jackson B, Dimmock JA. |
Although researchers have experimentally examined the mechanisms underlying pressure-induced forms of suboptimal performance, or "choking under pressure," there is a lack of research exploring the personal experience of this phenomenon. In an attempt to fill this void in the literature, this study explored experienced golfers' perceptions of the choking experience within a personal construct psychology (Kelly, 1955/1991) framework. Both male and female golfers participated in either a focus group (n = 12; all males) or one-on-one interview (n = 10; female = 7, male = 3) using experience cycle methodology (Oades & Viney, 2000) to describe their perceptions of the choking experience. Discussions were transcribed verbatim and subsequently analyzed using grounded theory analytical techniques (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). Analyses revealed five central categories representing the personal experience of choking under pressure: antecedents, personal investment, choking event, consequences, and learning experiences. The findings reported here suggest that the choking phenomenon, which can involve acute or chronic bouts of suboptimal performance (relative to the performance expectations of the |
20167952 |
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Expertise and position of line of sight in golf putting. |
Naito K, Kato T, Fukuda T. |
The purpose of this study was to clarify golfers' scanning patterns while putting through direct measurement of their eye movements. Each of the 17 subjects (3 experts, 3 intermediates, 11 beginners) performed 10 consecutive putts on a practice mat, from a position 2 m from the hole. The analysis of their eye-movements indicated differences among these groups. The intermediates and beginners had longer fixation durations on the ball than the experts. The beginners exhibited a range of behaviors among the trials, some of which did not include any fixations on the ball. Experts held their eyes steady but did not fixate on the ball. These results suggested that experts may have relied on a mental image of the ball; in contrast, the intermediates and some of the beginners relied on visual data. |
15446642 |
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Fate and effects of diazinon. |
Larkin DJ, Tjeerdema RS. |
Diazinon use has significantly increased since its introduction more than four decades ago. Thus, today we are faced with environmental and health consequences that are largely inseparable from the insecticide's benefits. Fortunately, the research to date is of immeasurable value in making sound scientific and policy decisions regarding diazinon use. Overall, research shows that diazinon is globally widespread, having distributed to all environmental media. Residential uses, and its ubiquity under many farming practices, contribute to extensive non-point-source pollution. In general, diazinon is degraded fairly rapidly in natural settings, although results have been variable and some degradation products are at least as toxic as the parent compound. Diazinon exhibits high acute toxicity to a wide variety of animals, leading to a wide range of sublethal biochemical effects, damage to specific target organs and tissues, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, reproductive damage, and adverse ecological impacts. Its biological fate is complex, mediated largely by diverse metabolic mechanisms. Further research and monitoring are needed in a number of areas. For instance, it is important to de |
10868076 |
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Fungicide leaching from golf greens: effects of root zone composition and surfactant use. |
Larsbo M, Aamlid TS, Persson L, Jarvis N. |
Soil water repellency in golf putting greens may induce preferential "finger flow," leading to enhanced leaching of surface applied fungicides. We examined the effects of root zone composition, treatment with a non-ionic surfactant, and the use of the fungicide iprodion or a combination of azoxystrobin and propiconazole on soil water repellency, soil water content distributions, fungicide leaching, and turf quality during 1 yr. Soil water repellency was measured using the water drop penetration time (WDPT) test and tension infiltrometers. Our study was made on a 3-yr-old experimental green seeded with creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) 'Penn A-4' at Landvik in southeast Norway. The facility consists of 16 lysimeters with two different root zone materials: (i) straight sand (1% gravel, 96% sand, 3% silt and clay, 4 g kg(-1) organic matter) (SS) and (ii) straight sand mixed with garden compost to an organic matter content of 21 g kg(-1) (Green Mix [GM]). Surfactant treatment resulted in 96% lower average WDPTs at 1 cm depth, three times higher water infiltration rates at the soil surface, and reduced spatial variation in soil water contents. Fungicide leaching was close to |
18574185 |
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Inter-individual susceptibility to environmental toxicants--a current assessment. |
Nebert DW. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Mental imagery combined with physical practice of approach shots for golf beginners. |
Brouziyne M, Molinaro C. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Microbial genotoxicity as an environmental indicator for near-coastal sediment pore waters. |
Lewis MA, Daniels CB, Chancy CA. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Nutrient loss with runoff from fairway turf: An evaluation of core cultivation practices and their environmental impact. |
Rice PJ, Horgan BP. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Olfactory neuronal cell lines generated by retroviral insertion of the n-myc oncogene display different developmental phenotypes. |
MacDonald KP, Mackay-Sim A, Bushell GR, Bartlett PF. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Organismal effects of pesticide exposure on meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) living in golf course ecosystems: developmental instability, clinical hematology, body condition, and blood parasitology. |
Knopper LD, Mineau P. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Participation in sporting activities following knee replacement: total versus unicompartmental. |
Hopper GP, Leach WJ. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Physiological and behavioral evaluation of mental load in shared attention tasks. |
Morel M, Petit C, Bruyas M, Chapon A, Dittmar A, Delhomme G, Collet C. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and diesel engine emission (elemental carbon) inside a car and a subway train. |
Fromme H, Oddoy A, Piloty M, Krause M, Lahrz T. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Repair of pars interarticularis defect by segmental wire fixation in young athletes with spondylolysis. |
Nozawa S, Shimizu K, Miyamoto K, Tanaka M. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Summation of segmental velocities in the golf swing. |
Milburn PD. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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The involvement of porphyrogenic steroids in the development of experimental porphyria. |
Graef V, Golf SW, Goerz G. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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Unlocking the mental aspects of the golf swing: can functional MR imaging give us insights? |
Quencer RM, Winters RK, Leadbetter D. |
No abstract available |
Not Available |
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[Application of near-infrared spectroscopy in golf turfgrass management]. |
Li SY, Han JG. |
The management of golf course is different from other turfs. Its particularity lies in its higher and more precise requirement during maintenance compare with other turfs. In case something happened to turf of golf course, more effective and higher speed detecting and resolution are required. Only the data about turf growth and environment were mastered precisely in time, the friendly environmental and scientific management goal could be completed effectively and economically. The near infrared spectroscopy is a new kind of effective, convenient and non-destructive analytical method in the turfgrass management of golf course in recent years. Many factors of turf-soil system in golf course could be determined by near infrared spectroscopy at the same time. In this paper, the existing literature that use of near infrared spectroscopy to study turfgrass and soil nutrient content, soil hygroscopic moisture, feasible fertilizer application time and rate, to fix the time and volume of irrigation, turfgrass visual quality evaluation, turfgrass disease prediction and prevention were reviewed. Most researchers considered the nutrition condition of turf impacted the visual and playing qualit |
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